Abdominoplasty, what about this surgery flat stomach?

Ah, a flat stomach ... Who does not dream? Unfortunately, this is an area of ​​the body that is difficult to correct. And many women, looking for a definitive and radical solution, eventually whether the tummy tuck, or abdominoplasty, is not their solution. Warning, this choice should not be done without careful consideration ... 

Abdominoplasty, tummy tuck: the "very" serious for a flat stomach 

The tummy tuck is a major operation. It is usually recommended for people who have gained and lost a lot of weight, or had one or more pregnancies, and whose belly remained distorted: stretched skin, stretch marks, skin folds that fall "in apron" on the pubis, etc. .

The tummy tuck is recommended for obese people for whom surgery is risky in general: better start losing pounds.

The tummy tuck is to remove the most damaged skin of the abdomen portions. The surgeon then tightens the remaining skin for a smooth, flat belly.

Incidentally, the navel should generally be repositioned, that is to say, it is cut and sewn in the right place. The scar is important, usually several tens of centimeters, but located in a relatively quiet area (in the lower abdomen, the pubic hairline and into the hollow of the groin).

Abdominoplasty is often combined with small complementary procedures: liposuction to remove any localized fat deposits on the stomach but have not been removed by the tummy tuck, and intervention on the abdominal muscles, which are also sometimes weakened by pregnancy.

Everything can be done during the same operation.

Flat stomach surgery: important suites

We see a tummy tuck is not an intervention without consequences.

It takes two days to a week of hospitalization, bandages for about two weeks and wearing a jacket that is used to reduce edema (swelling due to the aggression of the surgery) for at least six weeks.

You do not observe the results of the tummy tuck when you leave the operating room. Before you get a good idea of ​​the "new stomach", it is necessary that the swelling and bruises subside.

The scar from the tummy tuck, she moves more slowly: it is only a year later she began to have its final appearance.

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What our teeth turn yellow?

Beautiful teeth, aligned and very white, everyone dreams, but often we are disappointed by the brilliance of our smile. What makes my teeth yellow? And how to keep good teeth white? 

The bad habits that make teeth yellow 

Guilty No.1 yellowing teeth cigarette course. Indeed, nicotine in cigarettes and inhaled, has a yellowish color, which is transferred to the teeth over the days.

Some foods are also well known to discolour teeth.

It is most often cited as coffee and tea, but they are not the only ones involved. Regular consumption of all the colorful foods (red wine, red fruit, some sodas) can have the same result.

In addition, eating regularly acidic foods (especially citrus and sodas) use tooth enamel. But it is the enamel that gives them their whiteness: it covers the dentin is darker in color. A thinned enamel will therefore also make yellow or yellowish teeth.

Drugs that change the color of teeth 

This is not the most common causes of yellow teeth, but be aware that some antibiotics can affect the color of teeth.

Antibiotics tetracycline and are not recommended for pregnant women and for children until their enamel is finally formed (about eight years). They may give a yellow or grayish teeth, even final.

Another antibiotic used much more often, amoxicillin, can also discolour teeth. This coloration is usually reversible brushing time, but some people find that the color change is maintained. And for very young children (nine months before) it is not impossible that the permanent teeth are affected.

These risks do not materialize, however, for all patients. They must also be evaluated against the disease that these antibiotics should treat! Do not hesitate to talk with your doctor.

How to avoid having yellow teeth? 

First, note that this is not always possible. Just like our skin or the color of our hair, the color of our teeth is genetically determined. However, losing the habits listed above will allow you to maintain maximum whiteness you naturally.

Your dental hygiene can also make a difference. The plaque also has a yellowish color. Brushing twice a day and regular descaling your dentist will make your teeth whiter.

But beware: the excess night! In fact, brushing too hard or awkwardly will decrease the enamel layer and thus make your teeth yellow.

So remember two rules brushing: 

Take your time: it takes two minutes to brush your teeth properly. Press harder for less time does not achieve a good result, and will not qu'abîmer enamel.

If you brush your teeth right after a meal, it is necessary to reduce acid attacks: a chew gum, or drink a glass of water. Indeed, the enamel is weakened by the acid. If you brush immediately after eating, it will be even more damaged.

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Skin: Spring Cleaning

Skin - Whatever the season, thoroughly clean the skin remains in first place in the beauty routines. 

Serving your spring glow, cleansing treatments, toners and exfoliants combine softness to better sublimate you.

In spring clean your skin! 

Between violation of good food, polar bites, repeated sessions laziness and application of ultra-rich creams, our skin, exhausted, is now frown. Assaulted outside, loaded with toxins inside, it is imperative to extirpate its winter slumber for the return of sunny days he finds its freshness and radiance.

Reflecting the nature reborn in the spring, the biological mechanisms of the skin awake. The epidermis, particularly fragile during this interim period, while giving free rein to the skin disorder: imperfections, dullness, sensitivity ... A vulnerability that you must overcome.

Because finding the balance is mainly by eradicating toxins, your currency will spring: thorough cleaning. A radical offensive that you lead, however gently. No matter the effect of further attack your skin with strippers.

To serve your cause cosmetic brands accompany you from morning to night. They ensure grain of your skin and make it that winter has taken him through the lotions enriched formulas dedicated to removing impurities vitamins, moisturizing and soothing care cleansers and exfoliating products decorated vegetable oils restore the skin barrier.

Cleansing operation 

Winter laziness often encouraged to go to bed without cleansing. Sacrilege!

Mixed with chemicals cosmetics as skin will absorb overnight to further poison, pollution particles and sebum will suffocate the cells and stop their nightly renewal.

The B.A. ba a healthy skin free of impurities therefore requires careful cleansing, preferably based on plant extracts that cleanse without irritating.

Tonics tone 

Irritated by the extreme cold, the skin barrier needs to be soothed and restored. No way for them to undergo the test stripping and dehydrating soap and hard water to perfect the cleansing at night and remove dead skin cells and sebum in the morning!

In contrast, active soothing plants and minerals in tonics rebalance skins abused while ridding them of any dirt particles.

Cleanse, moisturize and soothe these are the main tasks of water for the face. Even if they release a fresh, pleasant scent, they do not contain alcohol and are in no case the mission scent skin.

If tonics aim to perfect the cleansing for the cleansing - or micellar water - dissolve fat (sebum, makeup) and remove the dirt with their micelles, molecules made based surfactants. This type of product is especially recommended for sensitive skin because it is less irritating than a cleansing milk rinsed with hard water.

Bye bye impurities 

Did you know that the skin has a hundred different bacteria, all designed to protect it from external aggression? Valuable, this skin flora should in no way be damaged by aggressive stripping, may irritate the skin more than it already is. Avoid scrubs so coarse and rather make twice a week with a gentle exfoliation.

Nothing like this type of product to remove the dull veil that was installed because - among other things - fatigue and climate. Gently peeling the layer of dead skin cells that the asphyxiation, you raise the cutaneous microcirculation and help you to make your new skin cells. After this treatment, always remember to apply a hydrating fluid texture that is lighter than a cream and absorbs easily.

More tips for beautiful skin 

Help the skin to breathe can also be done from the inside.
By cleansing your liver, you promote the elimination of toxins skin process.
To do this, make it a habit for three weeks (the cell renewal cycle) to drink organic lemon juice on an empty stomach in the morning.

Nothing better to brighten the complexion.

At a time when the skin gets in touch with the spring sun, so be sure to give her a course of supplements antioxidants (grape polyphenols for example).

This will protect itself from an influx of free radicals induced by UV.
Remember that in winter the lowest consumption of fresh fruit causes a small deficiency in antioxidants ...

To eliminate a good shot of toxins, live a good hammam!

Under the heat, the pores of the skin and expand the sweat resulting mass with the impurities.
Then just make a scrub to get rid of.

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Pamper your sexy-intimacy with our recommendations

Intimate or sexual discomfort, burns, fungal infections, vulvodynies, infections, all these inconveniences can reach female sexual area is fragile. As it deserves to be pampered for its comfort, for his health, but also of course for fun. Then, and you, is that you do take risks to your privacy or do you pamper? 

The recommendations 

1. The toilet is ideal to clean water, or a specific product. Never soap or shower gel to mucous membranes, it irritates and damages the flora.

2. Never clean the inside of your vagina. It is self-cleaning and has a precious and fragile flora. Introducing a substance, or even water from outside does that injecting microbes and attack your plants. This is a very important factor for infection and irritation.

3. Do not wear tight pants, thongs, synthetic underwear every day, or even several days. As soon as you feel a little discomfort, switch to cotton or silk, and let your breathing vulva, let her live without friction. Otherwise, you cause chronic irritation that promotes fungal infections.

4. Do not use panty liners every day. They should remain exceptional, if spotting or losses. For daily vaginal discharge, better contact with the cotton or even change below once a day. Why? This is the panty liner dries your vulva making it much more fragile.

5. During your period, never choose towels or scented tampons. Fragrances are totally useless or aggressive chemicals for your privacy. Depending on your comfort, choose pad or towel, avoiding the buffer days scanty flow. Indeed, the pad in contact with your mucous tends to dry so to irritate.

6. Think urinating before and after love. This minimizes the risk of infection, vulvar and urinary irritation. Indeed, the act of urinating hunting microbes on the surface of your vulva, urine is sterile substance.

7. Vulvar hair is not only aesthetic, it has a role in skin hydration. If you pull all your hair, your skin dries out and your risk of infection, burns and irritation increases. So keep some hair-compatible with your erotic tastes.

8. When you go to the pool, thinking it is full of chlorine. Although chlorine is a disinfectant, but also very irritating. It tends to attack the vulvar flora and irritate this sensitive area. Do not keep a soaked wet swimsuit chlorine, and you prefer to rinse with clear water by removing your swimsuit to eliminate chemicals in contact with your privacy.

9. When you love, accept the entry only if you perceive that your lubrication is sufficient. Otherwise prolong foreplay, or add lubricant for your comfort and pleasure. Caresses the gel are also very beneficial to increase the excitement so natural lubrication.

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Cancer of the cervix: what is a cone biopsy?

Cone biopsy is a surgical technique that can be implemented in cases of cancer of the cervix. Conization, involves the removal of the portion of the cervix affected by the tumor. This surgery also removes a piece of tissue (biopsy) for a diagnostic analysis. 

Cancer of the cervix: are there any symptoms? What screening? What is the reason? 

Cancer of the cervix usually causes early, asymptomatic, hence the need for the screening based on the smear regularly. In some cases, cancer of the cervix can however cause bleeding between periods, bleeding after menopause or bleeding after intercourse.

Cancers of the cervix are related to a sexually transmitted virus, the papillomavirus family. This virus usually remains latent because countered by the immune system, but sometimes it can make cancer cells on the surface of the cervix.

In recent years, the vaccination schedule provides preventive vaccination against HPV for girls 14 years of age or have recently started their sexual life.

What is the treatment of cervical cancer of the uterus?

Treatment depends on the stage of the tumor, its size, age and desire to preserve fertility.

The precancerous stage, it uses cryotherapy (destruction of cancerous cells by freezing), laser (destruction by heat), the electrosurgery (removal by an electric current) or cone biopsy (surgical removal).

In some cases, a hysterectomy should be considered. The total removal of the uterus is also performed if more advanced tumor stage, as radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Cone biopsy: a surgical 

Cone biopsy involves removal of a region of the cervix. The donor area is shaped like a cone, hence the name of conization. This act is both therapeutic (removal of tumor cells) and diagnostic since the tissue removed is then analyzed, confirming the nature of the cells and the extent of the tumor.

The procedure is performed under local anesthesia, or sometimes general, using an electric loop or laser.

The main risk of this procedure is frequently associated with the occurrence of bleeding in the hours and weeks after surgery, which requires an urgent consultation.

Postoperative pain is rare and rather described as a nuisance.

Conization preserves fertility and therefore the chances of pregnancy, but with a slightly increased risk of preterm delivery. Therefore, in case of subsequent pregnancy, it is worth mentioning to the doctor following the pregnancy history of the conization.

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What are the signs of a stomach ulcer?

Stomach Ulcer -The stomach ulcer or gastric ulcer caused by a lesion of the stomach wall. This wound causes pain that increases after meals. But the stomach ulcer can cause other symptoms. 

What are the outward signs of stomach ulcer? 

The main cause of stomach ulcers is the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which has the particularity to withstand the acidity prevailing in the stomach. But stomach ulcers may also be linked to prolonged non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, etc..

The wound formed on the wall of the stomach causes pain and burns that accentuate in contact digested food. Thus typically the pain of ulcers are exacerbated after meals. A feeling of being full quickly is also typical of stomach ulcer and bloating. In advanced cases, there may be some weight loss and be a victim of vomiting.

An ulcer may heal spontaneously, but with a risk of recurrence. Otherwise, the ulcer may lead to bleeding, leaving the blood flow inside the intestinal tract. Traces of blood in the stool or black stool can attest, like anemia. The other complication is rare but is the perforation of the stomach wall, which then leads to severe abdominal pain, which can lead to peritonitis. It is a life-threatening emergency!

What are the treatments for stomach ulcer?

The ulcer treatment based on the elimination of Helicobacter pylori with antibiotic prescribing for several weeks. Medications to reduce stomach acid are also shown as a dressing to treat gastric lesions and protect the lining of the stomach irritants, and until complete healing of the ulcer.

Meanwhile, all acidic foods and irritants should be avoided: spices, pepper, mustard, pepper, nutmeg, but also coffee, chocolate, etc..

Can we prevent a stomach ulcer? 

Helicobacter pylori is so common (especially where hygiene is precarious), it is difficult to prevent an ulcer.

But stress, tobacco and alcohol are known to be contributing factors. Spices play a role weakening, like coffee, tea, meat extracts and fatty foods.

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Moderate exercise: an Honest Anti-Cholesterol

Regardless of weight loss, exercise will alone, cut back cholesterin and thus the danger of upset. additionally, the quantity of physical activity looks additional necessary than the intensity of the activity. 

What links between cholesterin and physical activity? 

The authors of this study didn\'t confine themselves to live blood cholesterin levels, however the molecules that carry cholesterin within the blood. Indeed, assumptive that the quality supermolecule analysis to quantify \"good\" and \"bad\" cholesterin doesn\'t essentially offer the most effective indication of the danger of upset, the researchers were curious about lipoproteins. cholesterin could be a supermolecule that uses the blood to travel feed the various tissues. once current within the blood binds to cholesterin transport proteins. the mixture cholesterin transport supermolecule and is named a compound protein.

Results of study on the impact of physical activity on cholesterin and vessel risk 

This is exactly analyzing the degree of those lipoproteins and their size, in additional than 100 overweight patients WHO haven\'t modified their diet for over eight months, the authors notice that profits for the year physics. additionally, their information recommend that if the intensity of exercise plays a subsidiary role, the quantity is far additional necessary to cut back vessel risk. The distribution of subjects per their level of activity clearly shows the devastating result of the absence of physical apply on cholesterin and therefore the center and vessel risk.

In conclusion, even moderate physical activity is useful 

This is the quantity of exercise and not the intensity that matters to limit the vessel risk.
Needless to target balance, even while not losing weight, physical activity reduces cholesterin.

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Reduce their Cholesterol without Medication... its Possible

Foods high in cholesterol, saturated, unsaturated, omega-3 fatty acids, etc.. The anti-cholesterol diet may seem complicated. Focus on foods that should be limited and those that we must focus to lower your cholesterol or prevent excess. 

The anti-cholesterol diet

A healthy diet alone can bring down a too high cholesterol. If you follow the main rules of the anti-cholesterol diet, it is possible to reduce cardiovascular risk, drug-free ...

1) Reduce the "bad fats"

Saturated fatty acids are beneficial to health. Should be reduced from these fats. They come from animal fats: butter, cream, meat, fatty meats, whole milk, cheese ... It should also be wary of trans fatty acids, used in industrial products: pastries, cookies, cakes, ready meals, sauces, pie ...

2) Emphasize the "good fats"

Replace saturated by unsaturated fatty acids, especially omega-3 fatty acids. Prefer oils, margarines and fish (fish at least twice a week). It is recommended to vary the vegetable oils: canola, olive, walnut ...
Namely: the omega-3s are beneficial to cardiovascular function (this is why we must focus on, without increasing the total amount of fatty acids).

3) Increase dietary fiber

Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables (5 servings per day) and grains (bread, cereal, rice ...). Feel free to focus on whole grains at the expense of refined products.

4) Limit dietary cholesterol

Cholesterol is naturally present in some products. It is interesting to seek to limit the richest cholesterol foods such as butter, egg yolks, organ meats. But careful not to exclude completely from your diet. A good diet is based on the diversity and these products have their place in the simple condition to consume in moderation.

5) Practice regular physical activity

It is essential to perform regular physical activity. According to his habits, his tastes, his abilities, his age, he may be playing sports or moving. Walk every day at a good pace just contributes to physical activity. This work may be supplemented by other activities such as DIY, housework, gardening ...

These five goals are concrete and accessible to all. Remember, however, that power must remain a friendly fun. Observe three meals a day and avoid snacking.

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Smoking also makes you fat!

In the long term, smoking promotes taking belly. Of course, smokers increase their energy expenditure by consuming cigarette after cigarette, nicotine but also has an effect on the hormonal balance which affects the distribution of fat. Thus smokers and smokers tend to take belly instead of losing? 

The thinness of the smoker has a time 

So many people think that smoking makes you lose weight. Others do not think that the smoke and deliberately for fear of gaining weight or do not dare to stop their smoking fearing a strong weight gain after stopping. The reality is quite different and much more complex. In fact, the thinness of smoking is only transitory. In fact, smoking a cigarette increases energy metabolism based on 3% during the hour. Thus the daily energy expenditure of smokers who burn a pack a day increased from 2230 to 3445 calories.

In addition, smoking decreases appetite (anorexigenic action) and increases the feeling of satiety. But the effects of nicotine are far from being confined to only metabolic effects. Nicotine also has a direct effect on hormonal balance. But this hormonal change leads to an accumulation of fat in the abdomen. Beyond an aesthetic concern, abdominal fat deposition is associated with increased cardiovascular risk by installing a metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance via. In short, this new distribution of body fat is harmful to health. Especially as localized at the waist, the extra pounds are particularly difficult to remove?.

The fat on your stomach settle in smokers 

Overall, we can say that if young people who smoke feel winners on their weight, it will only be for a short period, because this pseudo advantage is reversed in the longer term. Indeed, in smokers' age, "whether of a man or a woman, the pounds eventually gradually concentrate around the belly, which are particularly difficult to dislodge and cause additional risks health (cardiovascular, diabetes, cancer, respiratory failure?). The weight loss of the first years of smoking is an illusion that must warn young and perhaps especially girls.

To a masculinization of young smokers ... 

Indeed, this change in the distribution of body fat to the center of the body, including the belly, is a typically male distribution called Android, as opposed to the female distribution of fat mass called gynoid. In other words, smoking tends to make women lose their femininity forms! It is important to explain to them so that they understand that smoking is not a friend who can make lasting weight loss, or prevent fat later ...?

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Beautiful legs: 4 rules to follow

Before coming to the stockings, the veinotonic to multiple or surgery, maintain your legs to keep them beautiful long. Here are four essential respect for rules keep beautiful legs!

For beautiful legs: promote venous return! 4 rules for this.

The problem with the legs most often due to poor circulation. Indeed, due to weightlessness, venous return may be more or less laborious, especially if the walls of the veins tend to loosen.

Symptoms are then likely to occur, particularly heavy legs, painful varicose veins and spider veins.

Following certain rules, even if family history, limits and delay these symptoms and keep longer beautiful legs.

Here are four rules for the beauty of your legs.

1) beautiful legs, do the work to activate blood circulation.

There is no ought to commence a marathon. what's required is to steer as usually as doable, climb stairs and avoid prolonged sitting. once you cannot do otherwise, if you're employed in associate degree workplace, as an example, should catch up on this inactivity by pausing and going for a walk.

It is also advised not to cross your legs, move his feet regularly and use a footstool.

At night, it is also recommended to slightly elevate his feet. And finally, massage your legs up and down also helps to accelerate venous return.

2) nice legs, avoid high heels.

Without advising completely flat shoes, the shoes with high heels should be avoided because they impose a position soles which is not conducive to venous return.

3) beautiful legs, avoid the heat.

Heat promotes dilation of blood vessels which increases circulation problems. Do not expose your legs and feet to heat sources near a fireplace, hot tub, fur boots, sauna, steam ...

However, note that the idea that the underfloor heating (floor heating) are harmful to the venous circulation is no longer true. Conversely, the cold is beneficial to venous return: late shower or late in the day, have a jet of cold water on your legs.

4) beautiful legs, give clothing that compresses

Pants, skirts, belts or special panties belly compress the stomach and thereby impeding venous return.

If compliance with these four points is not enough, a consultation is necessary.

Talk to your doctor, who will refer you to a specialist if necessary in Phlebology. Effective solutions are based on the available port stockings, and veinotonic drugs. In case of varicose and spider veins, the phlebotomist may propose sessions microsclerosis or resorting to surgery.

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Physical activity: what is the minimum necessary?

Live as long as possible, that's fine, but live as long as possible, it is better. This is precisely what is possible if you regularly practice physical activity.

People who play sports, compared to those who are sedentary all their lives, earning eight years in good physical shape.

So in practice, what is the minimum amount of sports to be practiced and its equivalent in calories?

Sport: 8 years of life in good shape won!

When practice regular physical activity, decreases the risk of dying from heart disease by about 35 to 40%.

And as Dr. Martin Juneau highlights * We now know that this is true for all causes of mortality. Compared with people who are totally sedentary, we can also say that sport can live more than eight years in good shape.

* Dr. Martin Juneau is a cardiologist and director of prevention at the Montreal Heart Institute.

What is the minimum amount of physical activity should be practiced?

Moderate physical exercise may well suffice. The goal of burning 1,000 calories a week is realistic for all of us: it is a 30 minute walk per day.

In other words, we must make every week 7 steps of 30 minutes, as in a 30-minute walk 150 calories are spent. If you prefer to carry only four steps per week, it is possible, but it must then increase their duration 40 minutes (250 calories). It is possible to walk less often, but long walk longer for the total amount of calories burned is the same.

Similarly we can make jogging 20 minutes 7 times a week (20 minutes equivalent to 150 calories jogging) or jogging for 30 minutes 4 times a week (4 x 30 minutes at 250 calories).

The intensity does not really matter if it is modulated by the duration. That is to say, if brisk walking is chosen, for example, it may take less time than a slow but longer than if we had chosen jogging. The amount of sweat is not an indicator. This is the total amount that counts.

Use a pedometer to measure your physical activity

A board, wear a pedometer for a week to find out your actual energy expenditure.

- Between 0 and 5,000 steps a day, you are sedentary.
- Between 5000-7500 steps per day: you are slightly active.
- Between 7500-9999 steps per day: you are moderately active.
- More than 10,000 steps a day: you are active.
- More than 12,500 steps a day: you are very active.

The goal is to accumulate a total of 10,000 steps per day. As an example, in a desktop activity is carried on average 2,000 steps a day, which is not far from 10,000. It is therefore necessary to achieve even 8,000 extra steps during his leisure activities and daily life outside of work.

And yes, we must not forget that not all add, absolutely everyone, even those that are carried home to go open the fridge.

Namely: 10,000 steps per day equivalent to an expenditure of 300 to 400 calories. 30 minutes equivalent to 4,000 and not an expenditure of 150 calories walking. A large piece of chocolate cake is equivalent to 400 calories? ...

Why should allocate exercise?

In other words, can we group all the weekly physical activity in a single session (eg. One walk 3:30 once a week)?

The answer is negative, physical activity must be fragmented.

Many effects of exercise do not last all week. For example, the effect of a workout on blood glucose (blood sugar) does not last. Exercise lowers blood sugar and increases insulin sensitivity in muscle, which is very good for preventing many diseases, including diabetes and obesity.

However, this effect only lasts 24 to 48 hours. It must therefore repeat every two days for a preventive effect on the long term. And finally, you should know that if during a 30-minute walk, we spend 150 calories, metabolism is activated during the days following the end of the year hours (10-12 hours) and continues to burn extra calories .

Actual spending is higher than the theoretical ... A good reason to practice regularly and often.

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Glaucoma: what are the signs?

Glaucoma is an eye disease that, due to the lack of warning signs, should be screened to the ophthalmologist at age 45 or earlier in case of familial predisposition. Focus on glaucoma screening and treatment.

Glaucoma: what is it exactly? What are the signs suggestive?

Glaucoma is associated with an increase in intraocular pressure can damage the optic nerve, reducing the visual field and visual acuity. It distinguishes acute glaucoma and glaucoma.

The first, also known as open-angle glaucoma is rare, but its occurrence is an emergency, the eye suddenly becomes red and hard, get blurred with colored halos around lights. We must go to ophthalmic emergencies.

Glaucoma (80% of cases of glaucoma) moves inversely slowly and silently, insidiously causing irreversible damage without causing specific symptoms gradually acuity near and far is altered, which in the absence of treatment lead to blindness.

Hence the crucial role of screening for early detection glaucoma before it has caused severe damage.

Glaucoma: what screening? Which populations are at risk?

Glaucoma screening based on a measurement of intraocular pressure, a fundus (assessment of the status of the optic nerve) and OCT examination (Optical Coherence Tomography), assessing the thickness of the optic nerve fibers as witness the progress of glaucoma.

It is recommended that everyone consult an ophthalmologist every two years from age 45, or earlier in case of an increased risk of glaucoma.

This is the case of people who have a family history of glaucoma. Note that the large myopic are also at higher risk, African people, if vascular problem that can affect blood flow to the optic nerve (hypo or hypertension, migraine ...), direct trauma or after surgery.

Glaucoma diagnosed, what are the treatments?

Several treatment are available to treat glaucoma. The choice is always personal.

 - Medication form of eye drops: they decrease intraocular pressure. Their use is mandatory as they apply to several times a day at regular times and may cause side effects, but mild (redness, tingling, dizziness, etc..).
- The laser treatments: they decrease the intraocular pressure by facilitating the removal or decreasing the production of aqueous humor (fluid inside the eye, which in excess, increase intraocular pressure). The effect is sometimes transient.

- Surgery: a small hole in the iris is made to facilitate the drainage of aqueous humor. Or sometimes a drain valve that opens when the pressure rises on site. This procedure is currently reserved for last (after failure and recurrence after laser eye drops) may soon be larger in order to treat glaucoma earlier permanently.

The number of French affected is estimated that over a million: about 500,000 patients are currently being followed and treated for glaucoma, but 500,000 still carry a glaucoma without knowing ...

It is therefore essential to detect glaucoma (in the absence of any visual symptoms), as supported early enough, it does not cause visual impairment.

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After infarction, better manage stress

Stress is a proven cardiovascular risk factor. But there is evidence that learning stress management could effectively prevent the long term complications of patients with cardiovascular disease.

Stress management reduces cardiovascular risk

Stress is often cited as a risk factor in the pathology of vascular or cardiac origin. It triggers the secretion of stress hormones from the adrenal glands which, among its many effects, increases blood pressure. It promotes, among people at risk (those with a family or medical history or risk behaviors, alcohol, smoking, lack of physical exercise and poor diet), the occurrence of vascular or cardiac events. From this, then it would be legitimate to wonder about the lives that could improve long-term health of people who have already suffered a heart attack. Two methods were tested: the practice of regular physical exercise and learning stress management.

Less stress, less reinfarction

94 men who have had a myocardial infarction were divided in three groups and followed for a period of five years.

- One group was prescribed aerobic exercise three times a week for four months.
- Another had to take a hour and a half per week on stress management. During 16 sessions, patients learned to control their negative emotions and relax.
- The third group consisted of patients population too far from the city to participate in these programs has received the usual medical treatment and constituted the control group.

During the first year of follow-up, two patients in the control group were re-infarction, whereas none of those who have learned to manage stress has had cardiovascular complications. The monitoring of these patients at five years, also shows that hospitalizations due to vascular complications were less frequent in patients who have completed a learning stress management, than patients in the other two groups (exercise and control ). Therefore, medical costs were also lower in this group.

These results clearly establish that there may be a profit clinic for patients and cost to society, to suggest preventive action learning stress management. Those who are concerned with cardiovascular problems can benefit today from these data and courses in yoga, relaxation, or learning stress management courses. A principle of life that can also cater for all, whether you are or not healthy.

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Reduce your risk of cancer by fighting against stress

This is no longer any doubt: if the stress does not produce cancer alone, however, it promotes its development. Warning, this is chronic stress, one we are more likely to be submitted in modern life (lack of time, the cult of performance). In practice, how does the stress increase the risk of cancer and what are the four sentiments to mobilize to keep cancer at bay?

Positive stress Negative stress ...

Positive stress is the one that puts us on alert and allows us to respond immediately (in danger, for example, but also stress that besets us before an oral presentation before a sporting event, etc..) Through the timely secretion of two hormones, noradrenaline and cortisol.

Negative stress is continuous stress resulting in repeated or continuous secretion of these hormones, eventually exhausting the body.

Thus chronic stress promotes inflammation and lowers our immune system, both known to promote tumor progression phenomena.

Indeed, stress hormones put the immune system at rest to mobilize all the forces of the body for action. But if the immune system is lowered, the activity of white blood cells decreases, which facilitates the proliferation of cancer cells.

Stress and cancer: the four feelings that serve us

Four feelings related to stress are now well known to promote cancer development.

Impotence

Powerlessness directly promotes tumor progression, as shown in this experiment in lab rats with cancer. When rats are subjected to stress they can avoid 63% of them manage to cure their cancer, against only 23% of rats that can not escape the stressful situation.

Anxiety

Anxiety affects survival. This has been demonstrated for example in women with breast cancer. Those who participated in discussion groups were more serene and above all they doubled their year survival compared to others.

Loneliness and the feeling of abandonment

Some feelings contribute to pause our immune system. But it is essential to keep the cancer under control. Thus patients are surrounded by the best as often those with the most combative defense systems.

Guilt

"Why me? I am fully responsible! I was unable to stay healthy! "Such thoughts prevent imagine healing and implement specific actions. Again, this mental block can serve the immune system.

The 4 golden rules to fight against stress

In practice, we note that the fight against stress is a weapon against cancer. All relaxation techniques and stress management are welcome.

To do this, first follow the four golden rules:

1. This is my decision! (As impotence paralyzes take the reins)
2. I dare to ask for help! (Get help and share makes us stronger and calmer)
3. I surround myself with it! (Maintain and invest yourself in the quality of human relations, you will be supported in return)
4. I relativize! (Set your priorities and go ahead)

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Rheumatoid arthritis: how to benefit from innovative medicines

Today there are innovative treatments, biotherapy, particularly effective against rheumatoid arthritis. But these drugs are so expensive they are prescribed only in specialized centers. The current problem is that access to these exceptional molecules. How to do to increase his chances of benefit when you have rheumatoid arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis and biotherapy

Today, when suffering from rheumatoid arthritis the main problem is access to new medicines, that is to say, biotherapy, called Remicade ®, Enbrel ®, Humira ®, Rituximab ®, etc.. Indeed, in recent years, new treatments from basic research have been developed to selectively a particular biological function involved in the mechanism of the disease block. These biologics have two major characteristics.

Biotherapies have a considerable efficiency ...

Their activity is so focused that they have a considerable effectiveness. They can not only relieve the pain of rheumatoid arthritis, but also prevent disability and even continue working.

... and an equally hefty price

But they are also very expensive, on the order of 12,000 to 15,000 euros per year. In addition, these molecules have a suspensive effect and not curative, that is to say that everything is okay as a person with rheumatoid arthritis continues processing. However, the progression of the disease as soon as it takes off. Treatment should be continued over the long term, which eventually generate incredible amounts.

Rheumatoid arthritis: an exception to drug delivery exception

Because of the high cost, the conditions for issuing these biologics are restrictive. They are initially in the hospital or in some private organizations involved in public service delivered. However, people who have access are becoming more numerous. In fact, we realize that the sooner you treat the disease, fewer disabilities, work stoppages, surgeries and hospitalizations. So in economic terms, it is ultimately profitable to prescribe broadly.

How to go about benefit biotherapy against rheumatoid arthritis?

1) Check once or twice a year a rheumatologist practicing in rheumatology specialist hospital setting to see if you can benefit from these drugs at the right time.

2) Find a rheumatologist particularly involved in rheumatoid arthritis. There are no "good" or "bad" rheumatologist, but some are more interested in rheumatoid disease than others. A simple way to know if a team involved in this support is consulted is to inform the medical literature of this team. To do this, simply open the website PubMed (THE reference in the field) and type: "rheumatoid arthritis, name" (name of a team of doctors). If you find many articles (in English), you can be sure that this team is really working on your health and it keeps abreast of the latest discoveries.

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Diabetes Type 1 : Living without complications

Diabetes Type 1 - One study focused on people living with type 1 diabetes for more than fifty years. Amazing lessons can be learned ...

Diabetes and complications

This is precisely the complications of diabetes that looked this U.S. study (1). These are related to excess blood sugar or hyperglycemia as a result of diabetes, which damages blood vessels. They can no longer do their job properly: supply all organs of oxygen and nutrients. The complications are many.

As part of the study, the researchers focused on the most serious:

Cardiovascular disease,
Eye disorders - especially the retina - which can lead to blindness,
Damage to the nerves that trigger abnormal or painful sensations,
Kidney damage leading to kidney failure.
Note that these complications of diabetes exist for the type 1 and type 2, but type 1 is usually diagnosed early, it is more common to live with the disease for many decades.

diabetes Type 1  without complications

As the complications of diabetes settle with time, it seems logical that those suffering from this disease since childhood are very affected. Yet! Among 351 people with type 1 diabetes for more than fifty years, many of them living without complications:

86.9% do not have kidney disease;
51.5% do not have cardiovascular disease,
42.6% do not have eye problems
39.4% had no nerve conditions.

Diabetes: What are the mechanisms of protection against the complications?

How to explain this lack of some diabetic complications? Again, a surprise for the researchers: the absence of complications of diabetes does not appear to be directly linked to good blood glucose control over the years.

The importance of maintaining his blood sugar at the correct level, however, is not questioned. Its effectiveness has been proven many times in diabetics who live for a shorter time with the disease.

Researchers believe rather than "veterans" of type 1 diabetes have developed mechanisms that protect against complications of the disease. The role of proteins called the glycation end products (PTG) draws particular attention. They develop due to hyperglycemia and then accumulate in the body. In general, these proteins increase the likelihood of developing diabetes complications. But in these particular patients, some seem to have rather PTG a protective role. Further studies are underway to explain this paradox.

What can we learn from this study?

Currently, this study is especially interesting for specialists. An application to patients is still far away. However, for people with type 1 diabetes, two aspects of this study are to remember:

The average blood sugar in people with few complications was under control: they are well aware of the importance of controlling his blood sugar.
The majority of them do sports regularly, 45 minutes three times a week.

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Do you know the female condom?

The main advantage of the female condom? It enables the woman to no longer depend on their partner to protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. A method of contraception that is not well known yet ...
What is the contraceptive reliability of the female condom?

Like her male counterpart, the female condom is a contraceptive. It is used to prevent pregnancy in the absence of other contraceptives. Its reliability is comparable to that of the male condom.

The risk of pregnancy ranges from 2.6% in case of proper use in practice 10% (respectively, 2% and 12% for male condoms). But still less than the best known alternatives such as the pill or IUD.

The female condom he protects STI?

Female condoms also offer protection against STIs - including against HIV (which causes AIDS). This is obviously not the case of the pill or IUD. They also reduce the transmission of HPV (which causes cervical cancer of the uterus), but does not avoid it completely.

Also beware, the female condom does not entirely cover the labia minora. It does not offer very good protection against herpes or or against HPV (also responsible for genital warts) which can also be transmitted from skin to skin.

Therefore, the combination of a highly reliable contraception to prevent unwanted pregnancy (eg, pill or IUD, implant, patch or contraceptive ring) and a condom (male or female) to reduce STIs provides adequate protection during sexual intercourse.

How do we put up a female condom?

Quite similar to its male counterpart, however, the female condom is longer, wider and thicker. It has two flexible rings. At one end of the pocket that must be inserted into the vagina, and the other covering the labia. It must be put in place before intercourse.

To introduce the female condom, squeeze the ring to introduce into the vagina between the thumb and forefinger (as if holding a pencil) when you release the pressure, it will return to its original shape by pressing it against the wall of the vagina . You can then push it deeper, until the cervix, by slipping your fingers.

The female condom is pre-lubricated and for single use only.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the female condom?

The female condom can be inserted in advance so as not to interfere with the relationship. Due to its composition latex, it can also be used if you are allergic to this substance. Furthermore, the man is not forced to withdraw immediately after ejaculation, as is the case with the male condom (even if it is advised because if the sperm flows of the female condom is at risk ).

Its implementation requires some experience. A South African study found that the risk of failure decreases significantly after the first five trials, regardless of the model of female condom use. Better to exercise several times to ask before using it during intercourse.

Note also that it is impossible to recommend to a young virgin who introduce a foreign body in the vagina will be a hard act at a time when it does not yet know his body.

Potential snags?

- It is not impossible that the penis "rate" the entrance of the condom entering the vagina. It may be necessary to guide him in the right direction.
- Be careful also with long nails, which may tear the pocket.
- Finally, it can cause a rustling sound which is annoying sometimes during intercourse.
- We must be careful to remove without spilling semen on mucous membranes.
The female condom is sold in pharmacies without a prescription (usually command). However, its price is higher than its male equivalent: about 14 euros per box of three.

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I Always Cold In Hands, Feet In, the nose ... This is the Raynaud's Syndrome?

I Always Cold In Hands, Feet In, the nose ... This is the Raynaud's Syndrome? - Once it's cold, your fingers and toes go numb and become all white? It is certainly Raynaud's syndrome. The diagnosis of this syndrome requires prior Benin eliminate other causes.

Raynaud's syndrome: eliminate other possible causes

Exposed to cold and moisture, the fingers and toes of people with Raynaud's disease quickly become white, numb, with a burning sensation, and sometimes pain. These symptoms are due to a disorder of the blood circulation in the extremities, a kind of intense and excessive arterial spasm in response to cold.

The Raynaud's is common: 5% of the general population is affected, but it is mostly women (nine out of ten cases occur in women).

Often the diagnosis of Raynaud's syndrome is increased to 25 years after a change in a few years. It is often a family history. Thus the description of the symptoms is usually sufficient to identify Raynaud's phenomenon.

However, the doctor must first rule out other possible causes. Indeed, some diseases or disorders or taking certain medications (anti-migraine, beta-blockers) may also affect the vasculature of the extremities. The clinical examination, some manipulation of arteries, immunological tests, echo-Doppler, are sometimes offered to dismiss certain assumptions. The default is that the diagnosis of Raynaud's syndrome is confirmed.

Raynaud's syndrome is a benign condition

That those affected by Raynaud's phenomenon can rest assured that this condition is benign. Moreover, if the symptoms peak in young women, you should know that crises decrease with advancing age, often to disappear with menopause.

Meanwhile, all the strategies to protect your ends are put into practice. This is also the basis of treatment: dress warmly from head to toe when you need to expose yourself to the cold.

Raynaud's syndrome: practical advice

- Overlap the layers of clothing is more effective than a single layer - preserve heat. Including the hands, wear gloves covered with silk fleece gloves.
- Prefer lined leather shoes and sneakers outlaw the source of moisture.
- Wear warm socks.
- Cover your neck and your head as to limit heat loss.
- Put on your gloves before going out in advance and avoid touching cold objects.
- Use hand warmers and feet, sold in sporting goods stores.
- Always have a pair of gloves with you to avoid thermal shock air-conditioned places and fresh food supermarkets shelves.
- Avoid coffee (vasoconstrictor).
- Also avoid drugs against colds.
- And do not smoke.
If these measures are not enough, your doctor may offer you a drug in the class of calcium channel blockers to reduce the frequency of seizures. But protection against the cold ends remain indispensable.

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But why do we sleep so badly?

But why do we sleep so badly? - Some sleep disorders are related to a real disease, which should be addressed to find a good sleep. Other sleep disorders are more related to an unhealthy lifestyle. It is therefore possible by correcting certain lifestyle to improve his sleep, without resorting to drugs. A brief overview of the various sleep disorders and respective solutions.

Treat Restless Legs

Kind of impatience that disturb sleep, restless legs syndrome is common, especially over fifty. One third of patients, there is a familial predisposition, but because of impatience remains unknown to this day.

This tingling sensation more or less intense in the legs, imposes an urgent need to move the legs, which may prevent sleep. Thus the restless legs is one of several sleep disorders.

If mild, treatment of impatience based on a review of the lifestyle. Indeed, restless legs are favored by stress, physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol, obesity, caffeine, certain medications including antidepressants ...

The most severe cases are drug treatment. In each case, many families drug can be used, starting with dopamine, and can be combined: benzodiazepines, opioids, anticonvulsants ...

It is noteworthy that the restless legs syndrome are appropriate to diagnose and treat ... at the risk of losing sleep.

Sleep apnea syndrome to detect!

The sleep apnea is also a very common condition and that the risk increases with age. Men are more often affected than women, these multiple respiratory arrests that are repeated during the night.

If these have the disadvantage of apnea snoring help (due to a noisy resumption of breathing after each respiratory arrest), the apnea syndrome also disrupts sleep, causing daytime fatigue and insomnia, and promoting depression, pain head, memory loss, difficulty concentrating, etc.. Finally, sleep apnea is an important cardiovascular risk factor.

If lifestyle can improve the situation (. Stopping alcohol, tobacco, weight loss, etc.), the treatment of sleep apnea syndrome based on continuous positive airway pressure: use of a mask over the nose and of a compressor, air is blown to maintain the airway open. With the same aim, it can also be used as a mandibular splint.

What solutions against snoring?

Snoring due to a vibration of the soft palate. A malformation of the nose can help snoring, like taking alcohol or tranquilizers. The sleep apnea syndrome is also a major provider of snoring. If this is the case, the treatment of sleep apnea should stop snoring and reduce cardiovascular risks associated with this syndrome.

Some recommendations may reduce snoring: stops the alcohol, tobacco, tranquilizers, and do not sleep on your back. Otherwise, surgery may be considered to reduce the excess tissue in the throat or to widen the passage of air.

Some techniques use the laser and may require several sessions. Finally, there are oral appliances that are worn during the night and keep the airways open, thereby reducing the vibration of the soft palate.

Sweet solutions against insomnia

If in cases of severe insomnia, sleeping pills are an effective temporary solution, it is always best to try to advance more natural solutions to start by changing his lifestyle.

Reminder of principles for good sleep and avoid insomnia:

- Perform daily physical activity, but avoid sports sessions in the afternoon.

- No alcohol in the evening. If alcohol facilitates sleep, sleep, however, is of poor quality.

- No dinner too rich or too rich in fats.

- No caffeine in the evening or afternoon (each time to identify from which caffeine to prevent sleep).

- No event exciting the evening lively discussions, games, work ... Conversely, preferred the quiet, relaxing and de-stressing activities.

- Book a bed to sleep and not watching TV, video games, computer ...

- Infusion: some plants promote sleep.

- The moderate room temperature (18-19 ° C only) and humidity are important parameters, like darkness, lack of noise and good bedding. Also be sure to ventilate your room daily for at least 10 minutes.

- Adopt a regular schedule of sunrise and sunset, including weekends!

- And in case of depressive symptoms, consult.

In terms of sleep, we are all different. Some remedies work for some and not others, it is necessary to test or develop them to find the ones that you succeed and avoid those that, conversely, prevent you from sleeping. This is the case for example of hot milk before going to bed or bath.

Do not hesitate to consult your doctor. Even in terms of lifestyle, it can help and advise you individually.

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Skiing accidents: prevention of knee sprains

Skiing accidents: prevention of knee sprains - The knee sprain is skiing accident the most common (1/3 of accidents). One of the most severe forms sprained knee, ruptured anterior cruciate ligament, is increasing: 15% of skiing injuries in 2010, against 12% in 2007. However, much of these injuries could be avoided with a good set of fasteners and adequate physical preparation.

The knee sprain, the most common injury in alpine skiing

Skiing is a relaxing and fun, but it may represent a high-risk sport. One-third of skiing accidents are sprains knee. And sprained two is a particularly severe form, the anterior cruciate ligament, the effects are long lasting.

Indeed, this lesion often requires surgery, involving a persistent knee instability with daily discomfort and a ban on certain sports.

Knee sprains are often related to improper adjustment of ski bindings

Considering that about half of the bindings are incorrect. However, almost two sprain is the direct result of a bad setting. Another advantage to avoid the incident prior physical preparation for knee protection with good musculature.

Women are particularly vulnerable to knee sprain!

Women over 25 are three times more prone to sprains than men, due to a lack of muscle protection. The rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament concerns mainly beginners and occurs mostly in slow movements of twisting or trivial falls, such as down the chairlift. Enjoy, the binding adjustment takes into account the sex!

Prevention of sprains in skiing: a good set of bindings

The binding setting is not immutable. It should be done regularly, at least every season by a specialist (even if you own your skis!). It is realized based on four parameters: size, sex, weight and how to ski. Beware, if the setting is too tight, loosening may not be triggered in case of a fall!

Prevention of sprains in skiing: physical preparation

Must be in good physical condition! Practice involves walking and climbing stairs or weight training room is highly recommended for two months before departure, especially for women and non-athletes.

These activities strengthen the muscles of the thigh and knee protection, while others develop a sense of balance as gymnastics and trampoline, or vigilance with the bike.

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White hair : which daily care?

White hair : which daily care? -With age, hair texture changes. They become drier, duller, they whiten even tend to fall. Do not panic, some appropriate care will overcome dry hair and will restore their shine. A hint of camouflage mitigate the gray hair. As for hair loss, you have to react early.

Specific hair care that are aging

- With age, hair becomes extremely fragile. Particularly the scalp should be treated with extreme gentleness.
- Do not rub the scalp with your fingers when shampooing. Apply a small amount of shampoo on wet hair, lather and gently penetrate made before leaving it for about 30 seconds and then rinse thoroughly. Needless to rub vigorously!
- Use a soft, suitable for your type of hair shampoo.
- It is not recommended to do two shampoos now! This is unnecessarily aggressive for the hair.
- Do not use a dandruff shampoo more than once every 15 days as they can irritate the scalp.
- Always apply a conditioner moisturizing, special hair dry if necessary.
- To dry your hair, wipe them with a dry towel and warm, but do not rub vigorously.
- Try to avoid the dryer and in all cases, the lowest temperature.
- Be sure to use a wide tooth comb or you'll tear your hair. For the same reason, do not pull avoiding tight hairstyles (braids, pony-tail, curlers ...).
- Do not paint or do not brush your hair too often, not irritate the scalp or stimulate your sebaceous glands, which produce more sebum capable of damaging your hair.
- Eat a healthy, balanced diet.
- Finally, give yourself the best cut and do it regularly refresh!
What can be done against the white hair?

Depending on your genetic makeup, your hair will more or less bleach, and more or less early. If you can not go against this nature can however change the hair to make them less visible, if not to use locks and other staining techniques. But beware, always ensure that you are applying the least aggressive, and space sessions.

Namely: the white hair would be a marker of bone health. Indeed, it seems that the early onset of gray hair before the age of 40, indicating a bone fragility. If this is your case, as a precaution, talk with your doctor, it may be useful to assess your risk of osteoporosis.

Attention to hair loss!

The objective is to respond in early hair loss in order to limit it.

Menopause is a special period at risk of hair loss. In fact, the hair follicles contain estrogen receptors which contribute to healthy hair. This is why hormone replacement therapy for menopause can be an effective treatment against hair loss menopause. Permanent and other harsh hair treatments, certain medications (eg chemotherapy), certain diseases (eg alopecia), hypothyroidism, anemia, severe weight loss and stress are all factors that may contribute or trigger a hair loss.

Consult your doctor or dermatologist can identify the cause, and in all cases to react before the loss is too great. There are treatments such minoxidil (a drug that stops or slows the loss of hair) and hair transplants, and camouflage techniques (hair extensions, spray mascara ...).

We note that her hair be treated leather with extreme gentleness and consult early in case of hair loss ...

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Live long and healthy with the Okinawa program

Live long and healthy with the Okinawa program - In Okinawa, people live longer, healthy and happy. What is the secret of longevity record of the inhabitants of this island of Japan? You also gradually, you can take the Okinawa program.

Secrets of Okinawa Program

- Eat less (about 300 fewer calories), expand the variety of foods (206 different foods are referenced), to enjoy with art and fun.
- Focusing largely plant-based foods (approximately 78% of our food).
- Eating soy and derivatives (intake of phytoestrogens).
- Replace much bread and other cereals rice (gluten-free).
- In the part given to food of animal origin (22% of the ration), focus on fish, limit meat and avoid dairy products.

- Increase strongly the antioxidant intake (tea, vegetables, fruits, soy, spices), omega-3 (rapeseed oil, fish) and magnesium (especially soy and tofu, beans, sesame seeds, green vegetables , sweet potatoes). These are the three types of the most important nutrients in the fight against aging, inflammation, and the majority of diseases.
- At any age, physical activity should be regular and abundant.
- Use widely methods of stress management, relaxation, meditation, etc..
- Growing every day invaluable to the existence of the universe, of all material and cultural wealth of life. Developing a sense of connection beyond self to nature and ancestors, a sense of belonging and rootedness. Maintain the desire and pleasure of 'last'.
Adopt a positive thought. Develop flexible and generous convictions. Perspective. Cultivating independence, health and live well, but also friendly relations and recreation. Strive to maintain a good mood, to be happy and active.
- Keeping up with the elderly and family.

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Examinations of pregnancy

Examinations of pregnancy - Blood tests, urine, ultrasound and other tests for prenatal diagnosis type are all tests that will be required under the supervision of the pregnancy to make sure it runs smoothly. Small review tests that punctuate the entire pregnancy.

What are the exams of the first pregnancy consultation?

This first consultation of pregnancy is recommended before the end of the second month of pregnancy. Attention, it may be longer than others, because the doctor will do a complete assessment, and will ask about your personal and family history, your age, living conditions, work, transport, the course of your previous pregnancies, etc..

It will conduct a physical examination to make sure everything goes well, you will be asked to stop smoking and drinking alcohol. Finally, he will prescribe blood and urine tests and will schedule your next appointment (one consultation every three months and ultrasound) which will also be used to monitor your weight, blood pressure, growth of the uterus and the cervix closed.

What are blood and urine tests during pregnancy?

The first blood test to check your blood, red blood cells (anemia research), serology for rubella, toxoplasmosis, hepatitis B and C, HIV (the AIDS virus).

Failure immunization against toxoplasmosis, you will have a blood test every month. Once a month also, the sugar will be sought and albumin in your urine.

In the sixth month of pregnancy, a new screening for anemia and diabetes screening will be undertaken.

When planned ultrasounds during pregnancy?

Ultrasounds are not harmful to the baby, but as a precaution, avoid ultrasound called "pleasure" (more expensive and not reimbursed by Social Security, but proposing the creation of a commemorative video of the baby) is useless in terms of diagnosis and only commercial.

The first scan is performed at the 12th or 13th week of pregnancy: first visual contact with the baby, dating from the beginning of pregnancy, the fetus and measure the thickness of his neck, a possible diagnosis of twin pregnancy .

The second ultrasound is performed to the 22nd week. It is called morphological: examination of the skeleton, organs, detection of anomalies, growth monitoring, quantification of amniotic fluid, placental position ... The baby's sex can be determined during the second ultrasound.

The third ultrasound place around week 33: position of the baby, placenta, growth, quantification of amniotic fluid, estimate the weight of the baby (normal weight between 2.6 and 4.3 kg). In this third and final ultrasound doppler umbilical cord is made to ensure that the baby is well fed.

What is the consultation of the 9th month of pregnancy?

The last visit of pregnancy used to assess the evidence of delivery: pool size, position of the baby, vaginal swab of strep B, monitoring (some maternity realize a record of the baby's heartbeat and contractions of the uterus). Finally, a pre-anesthetic visit is set even if an epidural is not considered.

What are the tests for prenatal diagnosis

With a blood test done at the 13th or between the 14th and the 18th week, we select women who are at risk of carrying a baby with trisomy 21. Warning, this is a statistical calculation of risk and not a diagnosis. It is only when greater than or equal to 1/250, the proposed amniocentesis risk.

It is between the 16th and the 18th week and involves taking amniotic fluid under ultrasound guidance with a very fine needle through the abdomen of the mother. It collects and fetal cells to establish its "map chromosomal identity."

It can also perform chorionic villus sampling, which now consists in removing cells of the future placenta to know very early if the fetus is a carrier of a genetic abnormality. The levy is trickier than amniocentesis, and realized earlier, between the 9th and 12th week and has a slightly higher miscarriage, 2% risk.

To know about the bleeding first trimester

About one in four pregnancies are accompanied by bleeding in the first quarter. It is small and brown, it's not scary. However, a red or heavy bleeding should lead to consult your doctor who will prescribe a blood test (beta hCG) and ultrasound to eliminate the risk of miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy.

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BB creams, cocktail innovation

BB creams, cocktail innovation - BB creams? You may not know yet that expression. This is the name of a particular class of day creams appeared in our country a few months ago. Their promise nothing less than a five care!

BB cream: cream to replace all

The trend of BB creams comes from Asia, specifically Korea. Originally, their name comes from "Blemish Balm" or balm against blemishes. These creams provide both the coverage as a foundation, and in-depth action on imperfections correction buttons, wrinkles and uneven skin tone.

Following the big success in Asia, BB creams have landed on our markets, but in a slightly different form. Exit the "blemish balm": thanks to them, we are again with a skin BB (baby).

The principle remains the same: they replace the foundation, moisturize, erase blemishes and give a bang. And as a bonus, they even offer a sunscreen!

BB creams, miracle creams?

So the BB creams they take their promises? In a word, of course not. It would really be too much to ask them to do the work alone three or four different products. Point out some major flaws:

There are generally only two colors in each range. Compared to traditional foundations, it is now possible to fit every type of skin, it is very little!

The coverage is generally not optimal. BB creams are the most Blanket difficult to apply, with a slight effect "plastering" if it is not very careful with the installation. Others are easier to handle ... but suddenly, do not allow to pass a concealer or other marker.

As usual for cosmetic who want to influence the health of the skin, the active ingredients are not determined enough to have a real efficiency. In other words, this is not a BB cream that will provide you with a good moisturizer at night. And even less of a true sun protection!

So the BB creams are they for you?

Despite these drawbacks, BB creams are tempting. It is not a miracle product: Consider it as a light foundation that will just improve your skin problems.

This type of cream is suitable for women who like a natural look with makeup, and do not have too many imperfections. Those looking for a very well worked up can use BB cream ... but as a simple basis, with additional use of foundation, concealer and all that goes with it.

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Addicted to coffee? You do not entirely wrong

Addicted to coffee? You do not entirely wrong - Cappuccino, cream, Viennese ... Goes well with coffee breaks in our daily lives. But it is also rich in antioxidants, and therefore beneficial to health, within certain limits.

The virtues of coffee antioxidants come to him

The first benefit of coffee, of course, is to give us a welcome "boost" thanks to the caffeine it contains. It increases alertness, concentration and attention - in short, a café, it wakes ... at least for a while!

But its benefits do not stop there. In fact, coffee contains many antioxidants, including polyphenols. Antioxidants, as a reminder, protect the body against oxidation.

This natural and inevitable phenomenon degrades the molecules that make us. It is linked to aging and the development of cancer, among others. We know that a cup of coffee 200 ml contains more antioxidants than a serving of fruit that are already rich, like blueberries or cherries (1). Antioxidants are not the only asset that coffee has up his sleeve. It is also a very good source of magnesium, vitamins B2 and B3 and copper.

This is why coffee may have a preventive effect on several diseases:

- cancers of the liver, colon and breast,
- other liver disease (including cirrhosis)
- Parkinson's disease,
- diabetes,
- drop
etc..

The cafe also has its flaws

However, all is not rosy in the land of coffee. Some of its effects are more damaging:

- Caffeine causes the release of stress hormones. If you are very stressed  or anxious  better reduce your consumption.
- It accelerates intestinal transit. People who suffer from irritable bowel must be avoided.
- It also increases the secretion of acid in the stomach if you have of gastroesophageal reflux, gastritis or ulcer in the stomach, beware!
- Coffee reduces iron absorption by the body. It is therefore not recommended for people who suffer from anemia.
- Caffeine in high doses is harmful during pregnancy. We recommend that pregnant women be limited to two cups of coffee per day, maximum (and without adding any other caffeine-rich drinks).
- Finally, caffeine increases the heart rate. Better watch your intake if you are taking medicines for heart rhythm disturbances.

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Bleeding in early pregnancy: one in four ladies

Bleeding in early pregnancy: one in four ladies - Genital bleeding occurs in early pregnancy in a pregnant woman out of four. A quick consultation is highly recommended.


One woman in four bleeding in early pregnancy

During the first three months of pregnancy, genital bleeding are common. Are estimated to reach a four pregnant women. The most common cause of miscarriage is (approximately one out of two), especially if the bleeding is heavy and lasts more than 6 to 7 days. But this is not the only possibility.

Bleeding in early pregnancy: View, but without panic

As in any bleeding, you should avoid taking aspirin or other anti-inflammatory. It is important to consult promptly when the bleeding is heavy (for example, if you want the bleeding significantly more abundant than your period, or if you need to change protection more than once every three hours). And also when the bleeding is accompanied by signs of weakness (dizzy, heart that accelerates the slightest exertion, fatigue, shortness of breath). If you do not feel well, do not drive and do with you. In any case, do not forget to bring your health card. Also useful are the results of blood or urine, if you have, especially your blood group card, and maternity booklet for the monitoring of pregnancy (if you have one).

Blood test and ultrasound are often useful

The doctor will perform a pelvic exam. In some cases, it can tell you what is happening and give you appropriate advice. But more often, it will use blood tests and an ultrasound. The blood test allows to check if the pregnancy continued its course, if you miss red blood cells as a result of bleeding. In early pregnancy, ultrasound is not useful because when the fetus is too small, it is not visible. Subsequently, it can verify the status of the fetus, how it goes (from two months, you can see the heart beat) and verify that it is in a good position in the womb, c is to say that there is no ectopic pregnancy.

Rest before anything

Genital bleeding during early pregnancy is still a threat of miscarriage. Drugs are ineffective. By cons, rest is essential. It does not necessarily stay in bed all day, but especially to avoid long car trips, major efforts (weight lifting, working arms raised), and stop working for some time. When a miscarriage is in progress, there is usually nothing to do to prevent it. At this stage, the fetus is tiny and expulsion often goes unnoticed, especially in early pregnancy. In fact, the "delay rule" a few days are often early pregnancy followed by a mini-miscarriage whose wife did not even realize. If the bleeding was scanty, hospitalization is not necessary. But it is reasonable to take a few days off. In other cases, curettage of the uterus may be desirable, and sometimes a brief hospitalization. When the bleeding was heavy, iron supplementation may be useful for some time (the time to redo the iron stores of the body).

Avoid excessive panic

Bleeding and miscarriages in early pregnancy are extremely common. It is often a protective mechanism, which leads to the rejection of abnormal fetuses probably would not have lived, or normally. And having a miscarriage does not mean you can not have children. Although it is both an enjoyable event ever, it is important to turn the page quickly, without giving importance and gravity excessive.

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Pregnancy: what happens there in the first consultation?

Pregnancy: what happens there in the first consultation? - That's it, you're pregnant! A first follow-up visit is required. This is done before ten weeks of gestation. What are the clinical and biological examinations to achieve in early pregnancy?

Firstly, before listing all items to be covered during the first consultation of pregnancy, start with two small details.

What is the difference between "weeks of pregnancy" and "weeks of pregnancy"?

Amenorrhea means "no rules". In the medical field, the duration of pregnancy in weeks of amenorrhea, that is to say, it is calculated from the first day of the last menstrual period. Two weeks before the presumed date of conception. Thus, pregnancy lasts 9 months, 39 weeks or 41 weeks of amenorrhea (39 + 2). For example, when we say that the first consultation should take place before 10 weeks of gestation, we can also say before 8 weeks of pregnancy.

How many are there follow-up visits during pregnancy?

Monitoring of pregnancy includes 7 consultations reimbursed by Social Security. The first took place before the third month (or before 10 weeks of gestation or 8 weeks of pregnancy). Then, the pace is a consultation per month until delivery.

Examinations and prevention of pregnancy first consultation

- Establishing the diagnosis of pregnancy and pregnancy dating.
- General clinical examination and pelvic height, weight, breast exam, Pap smear (if the latter is earlier than 2-3 years).
- Blood: determination of blood group (A, B, O, Rh), glycosuria, proteinuria, agglutinins, toxoplasmosis, syphilis.
- Examinations offered to those at risk: AIDS screening fetal chromosomal abnormalities involving measurement of nuchal translucency (1st ultrasound), dosage of serum markers, urine culture (urinalysis), screening for anemia.
- Research of risk factors, including diabetes and hypertension.
- Identification of risks and general professional and social.
- Research family history, personal related to previous pregnancy, surgical, pathological??
- Folic acid (vitamin B9) to prevent abnormal neural tube closure in women deficient or at risk of deficiency.
- Awareness of the effects of smoking, alcohol, drugs and some medications.
- Information on the monitoring of pregnancy.

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